Chapter 12. Other Subject and Genre/Format Vocabularies
Chapter Outline
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FAST (Faceted Application of Subject Terminology)
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Sears List of Subject Headings
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Medical Subject Headings
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Art and Architecture Thesaurus (AAT)
Key Takeaways
This chapter introduces you to other controlled vocabularies, both general in scope, like FAST and Sears List, but also some domain-specific KOS, like MeSH and AAT. One of the trends we see is moving away from pre-coordinated subject headings to more faceted controlled vocabularies.
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In addition to subject vocabularies, this chapter covers genre and form terminologies.
Faceted vocabularies
Facets, in the context of KOS, are general aspects or characteristics of subjects. Facet analysis and synthesis is the analysis (or breaking up) of a subject into its component parts and the synthesis (or reassembling) of those parts as required in subject representation. Facet analysis and faceted structures are most often associated with classification systems. Faceted vocabularies establish separate terms for subject facets and allow for post-coordination of more complex topics. One example of faceted vocabulary is FAST, which is based on LCSH.
Thesauri
Thesauri are controlled vocabularies with a set organization and structure so that the relationships between terms are clearly identified by standardized relationship indicators. Thesauri may display their terms in multiple methods, such as in alphabetical, hierarchical, or other structured displays. One example of a thesaurus is the Art and Architecture Thesaurus (AAT).
Genre and form
Genre and form terms describe what something “is,” rather than what it is “about “ but as they are an aspect of the intellectual content of an information resource, they are often included in subject vocabularies or used in conjunction with subject vocabularies and part of the subject analysis and access process. An example of a genre/form vocabulary is the Library of Congress Genre/Form Terms for Library and Archival Materials (LCGFT).
Chapter References/Notes
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Chan, L. M., Childress, E., Dean, R., O’Neill, E. T., & Vizine-Goetz, D. (2001). A faceted approach to subject data in the Dublin Core Metadata Record. Journal of Internet Cataloging, 4(1/2), 35– 47.
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ALCTS/CCS/SAC/Subcommittee on Metadata and Subject Analysis. (1999). Subject data in the metadata record: Recommendations and rationale. Retrieved from http://www.ala.org/alcts/resources/org/ cat/subjectdata_record
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OCLC Research. (1998). FAST (faceted application of subject terminology). Retrieved from http://fast.oclc.org/
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Library of Congress, Network Development and MARC Standards Office. (2008, April 7). MARC Code list for geographic areas. Retrieved from www.loc.gov/marc/geoareas/gacshome.html
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Chan, L. M., & O’Neill, E. T. (2010). FAST: Faceted application of subject terminology: Principles and application. Santa Barbara, CA: Libraries Unlimited.
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Library of Congress. (2016). Library of Congress authorities. Retrieved from http://authorities.loc.gov
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J. Paul Getty Trust. (2019). Getty thesaurus of geographic names online. Retrieved from http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/tgn/
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Bristow, B. A. (Ed.), Hugger, M., Spires, K., & Fielder, C. (Assoc. eds.). (2018). Sears list of subject headings (22nd ed.). Ipswich, MA: H. W. Wilson Company.
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For a discussion of these principles, see “Principles of the Sears List,” in Sears List of Subject Headings.
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Bristow, Hugger, Spires, & Fielder, 2018, p. A-53.
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National Library of Medicine (U.S.). (2018a). Medical subject headings. Retrieved from https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/
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Dunn, K. (2017). The National Library of Medicine. In J.D. McDonald & M. Levine-Clark (Eds), Encyclopedia of library and information science (4th ed., pp. 3334–3345). Boca Raton: CRC Press.
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Mehnert, R., & Hoffmann, C. F. B. (1986). The National Library of Medicine. In A. Kent (Ed.), Encyclopedia of library and information science (Vol. 41, Supp. 6). New York, NY: Marcel Dekker.
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National Center for Biotechnology Information. (2013). The NCBI handbook (2nd ed.). Bethesda, MD: National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK143764/
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National Library of Medicine (U.S.). (2018b). Medical subject headings: Preface. Retrieved from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/intro_preface.html
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National Library of Medicine (U.S.). (2018a).
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National Library of Medicine (U.S.). (2018c). Medical subject headings: MeSH tree structures. Retrieved from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/intro_trees.html
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Gullion, S. L. (1983). Cataloging and classification: Classification and subject cataloging. In L. Darling, D. Bishop, & L. A. Colaianni (Eds.), Handbook of medical library practice (4th ed.). Chicago, IL: Medical Library Association.
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National Library of Medicine (U.S.), 2018a.
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National Library of Medicine (U.S.). (2018e). Medical subject headings: MeSH qualifiers by allowable category -- 2018. Retrieved from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/topcat.html
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National Library of Medicine (U.S.). (2018f). Medical subject headings: Publication characteristics (publication types) with scope notes – 2019 MeSH pubtypes. Retrieved from www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/pub-types.html
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National Library of Medicine (U.S.). (2018h). Medical subject headings: Use of medical subject headings for cataloging. Retrieved from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/catpractices.html
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J. Paul Getty Trust. (2018). Art & architecture thesaurus online: About the AAT. Retrieved from https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/aat/about.html
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J. Paul Getty Trust. (2019). Getty vocabularies. Retrieved from http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/
Additional Readings
Here, you will find readings specific to the contents of this chapter.
You may find more readings about similar topics on the Cataloging and Classification Web Resources page
FAST (Faceted Application of Subject Terminology)
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OCLC. (n.d.). FAST (Faceted Application of Subject Terminology). OCLC Research. Retrieved from https://www.oclc.org/research/areas/data-science/fast.html
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OCLC. (2023, April 26). searchFAST. OCLC. Retrieved from http://fast.oclc.org/searchfast/
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OCLC. (n.d.). searchFAST instructions. OCLC. Retrieved from http://fast.oclc.org/searchfast/searchFastHowto.pdf
Sears List of Subject Headings
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Holstrom, C. (2021). "The Sears List of Subject Headings: Social and cultural dimensions in historical, theoretical, and design contexts." Proceedings from North American Symposium on Knowledge Organization, 8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7152/nasko.v8i1.15865
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Sears List of Subject Headings. Retrieved from https://www.hwwilsoninprint.com/sears.php
​Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
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Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). (2023, June 8). Welcome to Medical Subject Headings. National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institute of Health. Retrieved from https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/meshhome.html
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Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Technical Services Division. (2022, July 14). Using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH ®) in cataloging. National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institute of Health. Retrieved from https://www.nlm.nih.gov/tsd/cataloging/trainingcourses/mesh/intro_010.html
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National Institute of Health, U.S. National Library of Medicine. (n.d.). Medical Subject Headings RDF. NIH. Retrieved from https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/
​Art and Architecture Thesaurus (AAT)
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The Getty Research Institute. (2021, January 25). Art & Architecture Thesaurus® Online. The Getty Research Institute. Retrieved from https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/aat/
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The Getty Research Institute. (2023, March 5). About the AAT. The Getty Research Institute. Retrieved from https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/aat/about.html
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Harpring, P. (2019, August). Subject access to art works: Overview using the Getty Vocabularies. The Getty Research Institute. Retrieved from https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/subject_access_for_art.pdf
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Genre/Form Terms
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Library of Congress. (2022, March 3). Subject and genre/form headings. Library of Congress. Retrieved from https://www.loc.gov/aba/cataloging/subject/.
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Library of Congress. (2022, May 31). Library of Congress genre/form terms PDF files. Library of Congress. Retrieved from https://www.loc.gov/aba/publications/FreeLCGFT/freelcgft.html
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IFLA. (n.d.). IFLA genre/form working group. IFLA. Retrieved from https://www.ifla.org/g/subject-analysis-and-access/ifla-genre-form-working-group/